Regnum Sinense

史记(三:世家)

Shiji III: Hereditary Houses

Shiji 史记 · 249 BC · 秦庄襄王元年


Introduction

The entries of the Hereditary Houses for this year: the house of Lu on its extinction by Chu, and the houses of Yan, Zhao, Han and Qi.


Text and Translation

Text: Chinese source

Text: English Translation

Annotations

[§3] 史记(三:世家)

[§3] Shiji III: Hereditary Houses

鲁周公世家:二十四年,楚考烈王伐灭鲁。顷公亡,迁于下邑,为家人,鲁绝祀。顷公卒于柯。

Hereditary House of the Duke of Zhou of Lu: In the twenty-fourth year1, King Kaolie of Chu attacked and destroyed Lu. Duke Qing fled and was moved to an outlying settlement2; he became a commoner, and Lu's sacrifices were cut off. Duke Qing died at Ke3.

鲁起周公至顷公,凡三十四世。

From the Duke of Zhou to Duke Qing, Lu had thirty-four generations in all.

燕召公世家:六年,秦灭东周,置三川郡。

Hereditary House of Duke Shao of Yan: In the sixth year4, Qin destroyed Eastern Zhou and established Sanchuan Commandery.

赵世家:十七年,假相大将武襄君攻燕,围其国。

Hereditary House of Zhao: In the seventeenth year5, the Acting Chancellor and great general Lord Wuxiang attacked Yan and besieged its capital.

韩世家:二十四年,秦拔我城皋、荥阳。

Hereditary House of Han: In the twenty-fourth year6, Qin took our Chenggao7 and Xingyang.

田敬仲完世家:十六年,秦灭周。君王后卒。

Hereditary House of Tian Jingzhong Wan: In the sixteenth year8, Qin destroyed Zhou. Queen Jun died.

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Terms

settlement / 邑n. a town or settlement with its lands; the units in which a domain was counted.
Commandery / 郡n. the largest territorial unit of a state, above the County.
Acting Chancellor / 假相n. the office of Chancellor held provisionally (假); the Biography of Lian Po writes 假相国.

Persons

King Kaolie of Chu 楚考烈王King of Chu, reigned 262–238 BC; personal name Wan.
Duke Qing of Lu 鲁顷公The last ruler of Lu, reigned 272–249 BC.
Duke of Zhou 周公Dan 旦, brother of King Wu of Zhou and founder of the house of Lu.
Yue Cheng 乐乘Zhao general, Lord Wuxiang 武襄君 from 250 BC.
Queen Jun 君王后Consort of King Xiang of Qi and mother of King Jian; daughter of Jiao 敫, the Grand Scribe of Ju; the Shiji calls her Queen Jun 君王后.

Places

Lu 鲁the state of Lu, seated at Ju since 255 BC; in 249 BC its last duke was moved to Bian.
Ke 柯a Qi settlement; the Suoyin cites Du Yu, now Dong'e in Jibei; the old Dong'e city, south-east of modern Yanggu, Shandong.
Qin 秦the state of Qin, with its capital at Xianyang, Shaanxi.
Eastern Zhou 东周the Eastern Zhou domain, the eastern of the two fiefs into which the Zhou royal house was divided, centred on Gong (modern Gongyi, Henan).
Sanchuan Commandery 三川郡a Qin Commandery, named for its three rivers, the Yellow River, Luo River and Yi River (Wei Zhao); established in 249 BC on the lands of Zhou and Han around Luoyang; renamed Henan Commandery under the Han (Pei Yin).
Yan 燕the state of Yan, with its capital at Ji (modern Beijing).
Chenggao 成皋a Han town; the Zhengyi: the old Eastern Guo, Zheng's town of Zhi, also called Hulao, the Han dynasty's Chenggao; north-west of modern Xingyang, Henan.
Xingyang 荥阳a Han town east of Chenggao; modern Xingyang, Henan.
Zhou 周the Zhou royal domain around Luoyang.

Notes

1 twenty-fourth year (Lu)The twenty-fourth year of Duke Qing of Lu, 249 BC.
2 lower town下邑: the Suoyin: a small settlement away from the capital; Xu Guang: 下 is written 卞 in one text, and the Suoyin notes that Lu did have a settlement called Bian, which is the cause of the confusion. The Table gives Bian.
3 Ke柯: the Suoyin cites the Chunqiu, "Qi attacked Lu at Ke and made a covenant", and Du Yu, Ke is a Qi settlement, now Dong'e in Jibei. The Jijie cites Huangfu Mi on Duke Qing's reign, from a wuzi year to a xinhai year.
4 sixth yearThe sixth year of King Xi of Yan, 249 BC.
5 seventeenth yearThe seventeenth year of King Xiaocheng of Zhao, 249 BC; 国 is the capital of Yan.
6 twenty-fourth year (Han)The twenty-fourth year of King Huanhui of Han, 249 BC; 我, "our", speaks from Han's standpoint.
7 Chenggao城皋: written 成皋 in the Basic Annals and the Table.
8 sixteenth yearThe sixteenth year of King Jian of Qi, 249 BC.