Regnum Sinense

无骨论点补充（以及辨析）二

Ivar the Boneless' commentary and analysis II

Shiji 史记 · 248 BC · 秦庄襄王二年

Introduction

Ivar the Boneless' second column of commentary on the year: Yan's gift of Hejian to Lü Buwei, the Zhao ministers held in Qin as hostages, and Lian Po's chancellorship, each with his analysis of the source and its date.

Text and Translation

Text: Chinese source

Text: English Translation

Annotations

[§7] 无骨论点补充（以及辨析）二

[§7] Ivar the Boneless' commentary and analysis II

燕献河间十城于秦相吕不韦，秦庄襄王令吕不韦受地，兴兵胁迫赵国“毋攻燕”，赵孝成王不听。

Yan offered the ten Fortresses of Hejian to the Chancellor of Qin, Lü Buwei; King Zhuangxiang of Qin ordered Lü Buwei to accept the land, and raised troops to press Zhao "not to attack Yan"; King Xiaocheng of Zhao did not comply.

辨析：事見《戰國縱橫家書》，但是時間不詳：

Analysis: the matter is seen in the Zhanguo zonghengjia shu, but the time is not known:

二十五、李园谓辛梧章（左側）

Chapter 25, Li Yuan speaks to Xin Wu (at left)1

赵相邦春平侯、平国君先后入秦，被秦庄襄王留为人质。

Zhao's Chancellor of State Marquis Chunping and Lord Pingguo went into Qin one after the other and were kept by King Zhuangxiang of Qin as hostages.

辨析：此應根據《戰國策·秦召春平侯》，但原文並未說明具體時間。

Analysis: this should rest on the Zhanguoce, "Qin summons Marquis Chunping2", but the original text does not give the time.

又：《論春平侯及其相關問題》：平都侯当即铍铭所见的“平国君”。文献以“都”换“国”字的情况，跟文献所见的“信平君”、“建信君”之“信”，铍铭都写作“躬(躬)”类似。

Further, from "On Marquis Chunping and the questions connected with him3": Marquis Pingdu must be the "Lord Pingguo" seen in the pi-blade inscriptions. The texts' putting 都 for 国 is like the 信 of the texts' "Lord Xinping" and "Lord Jianxin", which the pi inscriptions all write 躬 (躬)4.

又：《史記·趙世家》把此事歸在趙悼襄王二年。

Further: the Hereditary House of Zhao in the Shiji places this matter in the second year of King Daoxiang of Zhao5.

赵孝成王命信平君廉颇担任相邦。

King Xiaocheng of Zhao appointed Lord Xinping, Lian Po, Chancellor of State.

辨析：此應根據《史記·趙世家》，廉颇在趙孝成王十五年已擔任守相。

Analysis: this should rest on the Hereditary House of Zhao in the Shiji, where Lian Po was already Acting Chancellor in the fifteenth year of King Xiaocheng6.

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Terms

Fortress / 城n. a walled place.
Chancellor / 相n. the chief minister of a state.
Chancellor of State / 相邦n. the title as written in Warring States inscriptions; Han texts write 相国, avoiding the name of Gaozu, Liu Bang.
hostage / 质n. a hostage sent to another court as surety.
pi blade / 鈹n. a straight double-edged blade mounted on a long haft, often inscribed with the year and the officials who oversaw its making.
Acting Chancellor / 守相n. the office of Chancellor held provisionally (守); the Biography of Lian Po writes 假相国.

Persons

Lü Buwei 吕不韦Chancellor of State of Qin, Marquis Wenxin 文信侯; by origin a merchant of Yangdi.
King Zhuangxiang of Qin 秦庄襄王King of Qin, reigned 249–247 BC; personal name Zichu 子楚 (Suoyin).
King Xiaocheng of Zhao 赵孝成王King of Zhao, reigned 265–245 BC.
Li Yuan 李园A man of Zhao in the service of Chu; later Chief Minister of Chu.
Xin Wu 辛梧Qin general.
Marquis Chunping 春平侯Chancellor of State of Zhao, known from the inscriptions on excavated pi blades; the Hereditary House of Zhao names him Lord Chunping 春平君.
Lord Pingguo 平国君A minister of Zhao named with Marquis Chunping on the inscriptions of Zhao pi blades; the Marquis Pingdu 平都侯 of the Zhanguoce, by the identification the compiler cites.
Lian Po 廉颇General of Zhao, Lord Xinping 信平君, Chancellor of State.
Lord Jianxin 建信君A minister of Zhao under King Xiaocheng, named in the Zhanguoce; the pi inscriptions write the 信 of his title 躬.
King Daoxiang of Zhao 赵悼襄王King of Zhao, reigned 244–236 BC; son of King Xiaocheng.

Places

Yan 燕the state of Yan, with its capital at Ji (modern Beijing).
Hejian 河间"between the rivers": the Zhao territory around modern Hejian and Xian County, Hebei.
Qin 秦the state of Qin, with its capital at Xianyang, Shaanxi.
Zhao 赵the state of Zhao, with its capital at Handan, Hebei; one of the three states formed from Jin.

Notes

1 at left左側: the chapter is appended in the compiler's first column of commentary, §6.
2 Qin summons Marquis Chunping秦召春平侯: a chapter of the Strategies of Qin in the Zhanguoce.
3 On Marquis Chunping論春平侯及其相關問題: the modern study the compiler cites, on the Zhao pi-blade inscriptions.
4 gong躬(躬): the inscriptional graph and its reading, as the compiler writes them.
5 second year of King Daoxiang243 BC.
6 fifteenth year251 BC; see the Hereditary House of Zhao for that year (251 BC, §3).